
Spheroidal Graphite Iron
S G Iron is also known as Spheroidal Graphite Iron, Ductile Cast Iron, Nodular Cast Iron, Spherulitic Graphite Cast Iron. S G Iron is a type of cast iron that has been treated while molten with an element such as magnesium or cerium to induce the formation of free graphite as nodules or spherulites. This imparts a measurable degree of ductility (easily manipulated) to the cast metal. The ductile iron family offers the design engineer a unique combination of strength, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, and toughness, as well as excellent ductility characteristics.
Presentation on all types of Cast Iron
S G Iron/Ductile iron is not a single material but is part of a group of materials which can be produced to have a wide range of properties through control of the microstructure. The common defining characteristic of this group of materials is the shape of the graphite. In ductile irons, the graphite is in the form of nodules rather than flakes as it is in grey iron. The sharp shape of the flakes of graphite create stress concentration points within the metal matrix and the rounded shape of the nodules less so, thus inhibiting the creation of cracks and providing the enhanced ductility that gives the alloy its name.
This nodular graphite structure inhibits the creation of linear cracks hence the ability to withstand distortion.
Composition : A typical chemical analysis of this material:
- Carbon 3.2 to 3.6%
- Silicon 2.2 to 2.8%
- Manganese 0.1 to 0.5%
- Magnesium 0.03 to 0.05%
- Phosphorus 0.005 to 0.04%
- Sulfur 0.005 to 0.02%
- Copper 0.40%
- Iron balance
Other elements such as copper or tin may be added to increase tensile and yield strength while simultaneously reducing ductility. Improved corrosion resistance can be achieved by replacing 15% to 30% of the iron in the alloy with varying amounts of nickel, copper, or chromium. Applications :
Ductile iron is specifically useful in many automotive components, where strength needs surpass that of aluminum but do not necessarily require steel. Other major industrial applications include off-highway diesel trucks, Class 8 trucks, agricultural tractors, and oil well pumps, etc.
S G Iron / Ductile Iron Chemical Components
Ductile iron is also called as nodular iron or SG iron. Its chemical components did not have strict range for many material standards, however, its range should be useful for buyers to evaluate the quality of cast iron.
Therefore, we filled some normal standards to show the reasonable range to ductile iron. Please remember the chemical components are only a reference, not a strict standard to the material. The foundry could adjust its chemical components according to their experience in order to meet the physical properties. So, physical properties should be the only standard to materials.
Specifications :
- IS - 1865 - 1998 (Third Reprint)
- Grades - SG - 350/22, SG - 400/15, SG - 450/10, SG - 500/7, SG - 600/3, SG - 700/2, SG - 800/2 & SG - 900/2.
- All Grades better Corrosion, wear and heat resisting.
Manufacturing Capacity - From 10 Kgs. to 2 Tonnes Single PC.
Download PDF copy of Effect Of Basic Chemical Element In Sgi (Ductile Iron)
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Chemical Components of Ductile Cast Iron
USA |
Germany |
ISO |
C% |
Si% |
Mn% |
P% |
S% |
Mg% |
Cu% |
Sn% |
60-40-18 |
GGG40 |
400-18 |
3.50-3.78 |
2.80-2.85 |
0.2-0.5 |
0.03-0.06 |
0.02-0.035 |
0.020-0.060 |
|
|
65-45-12 |
GGG40 |
450-10 |
3.30-3.80 |
2.40-2.90 |
0.2-0.5 |
0.03-0.06 |
0.02-0.040 |
0.020-0.060 |
|
|
70-50-05 |
GGG50 |
500-7 |
3.20-3.60 |
2.30-2.90 |
0.4-0.6 |
0.03-0.06 |
0.02-0.040 |
0.030-0.055 |
<0.4 |
|
80-60-03 |
GGG60 |
600-3 |
3.00-3.50 |
2.40-2.80 |
0.3-0.5 |
0.03-0.06 |
0.02-0.040 |
0.035-0.050 |
0.30-0.40 |
|
100-70-03 |
GGG70 |
700-2 |
3.65-3.90 |
1.70-1.90 |
0.3-0.5 |
<0.06 |
<0.03 |
0.035-0.050 |
0.30-0.40 |
0.03-0.06 |
120-90-02 |
GGG80 |
800-2 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Equivalent Grades of Ductile Iron (SG Iron/ Nodular Graphite Iron Casting)
Country |
Standard |
Equivalent Grades of Ductile Iron (SG Iron, Nodular Graphite Iron) |
||||||
ISO |
ISO-1083 |
400-15-18 |
450-10 |
500-7 |
600-3 |
700-2 |
800-2 |
900-2 |
China |
GB1348 |
QT400-18 |
QT450-10 |
QT500-7 |
QT600-3 |
QT700-2 |
QT800-2 |
QT900-2 |
USA |
ASTM-A536 |
60-40-18 |
60-42-10 |
70-50-05 |
80-55-06 |
100-70-03 |
120-90-02 |
— |
Germany |
DIN-1693 |
GGG40 |
— |
GGG50 |
GGG60 |
GGG70 |
GGG80 |
— |
European |
EN-1563 |
EN-GJS-400-15/18 |
EN-GJS-450-10 |
EN-GJS-500-7 |
EN-GJS-600-3 |
EN-GJS-700-2 |
EN-GJS-800-2 |
EN-GJS-900-2 |
Japan |
JISG5502 |
FCD400 |
FCD450 |
FCD500 |
FCD600 |
FCD700 |
FCD800 |
— |
Italy |
UNI-4544 |
GS370-17 |
GS400-12 |
GS500-7 |
GS600-2 |
GS700-2 |
GS800-2 |
— |
France |
NFA32-201 |
FGS370-17 |
FGS400-12 |
FGS500-7 |
FGS600-2 |
FGS700-2 |
FGS800-2 |
— |
UK |
BS2789 |
400/17 |
420/12 |
500/7 |
600/7 |
700/2 |
800/2 |
900/2 |
India |
IS1865 |
SG370/17 |
SG400/12 |
SG500/7 |
SG600/3 |
SG700/2 |
SG800/2 |
— |
Spain |
UNF |
FGE38-17 |
FGE42-12 |
FGE50-7 |
FGE60-2 |
FGE70-2 |
FGE80-2 |
— |
Belgium |
NBN830-02 |
FNG38-17 |
FNG42-12 |
FNG50-7 |
FNG60-2 |
FNG70-2 |
FNG80-2 |
— |
Australia |
AS1831 |
300-17 |
— |
500-7 |
600-3 |
700-2 |
800-2 |
— |
Sweden |
SS14 07 |
0717-02 |
— |
0727-02 |
0732-03 |
0737-01 |
0864-03 |
— |
Norway |
NS11-301 |
SJK-400.3 |
— |
SJK-500 |
SJK-600 |
SJK-700 |
SJK-800 |
— |
Ductile Iron Grade Chart ASTM A536 1993 (USA)
Grade |
Tensile Strength |
Yield Strength |
Elongation |
|
ANSI/ASTM |
UNS |
|||
60-40-18 |
F32800 |
414 |
276 |
18 |
65-45-12 |
F33100 |
448 |
310 |
12 |
80-55-06 |
F33800 |
552 |
379 |
6.0 |
100-70-03 |
F34800 |
689 |
483 |
3.0 |
120-90-02 |
F36200 |
827 |
621 |
2.0 |
Special Purpose |
|
|
|
|
60-42-10 |
|
415 |
290 |
10 |
70-50-05 |
485 |
345 |
5.0 |
|
80-60-03 |
555 |
415 |
3.0 |
GB/T 1348 1998 (China)
Grade |
Tensile strength σb≥/MPa |
Yield strength σ0.2≥/MPa |
Elongation δ5≥(%) |
Hardness HBS |
QT400-18 |
400 |
250 |
18 |
130~180 |
QT400-15 |
400 |
250 |
15 |
130~180 |
QT450-10 |
450 |
310 |
10 |
160~210 |
QT500-7 |
500 |
320 |
7 |
170~230 |
QT600-3 |
600 |
370 |
3 |
190~270 |
QT700-2 |
700 |
420 |
2 |
225~305 |
QT800-2 |
800 |
480 |
2 |
245~335 |
QT900-2 |
900 |
600 |
2 |
280~360 |
* Low temperature V notch impact tested (-20±2℃) DIN 1693 1997 (Germany)
Grade |
Material No W-Nr. |
Tensile strength σb≥/Mpa |
Yield strength σ0.2≥/Mpa |
Elongation δ≥(%) |
GGG-40 |
0.7040 |
400 |
250 |
15 |
GGG-50 |
0.7050 |
500 |
320 |
7 |
GGG-60 |
0.7060 |
600 |
380 |
3 |
GGG-70 |
0.7070 |
700 |
400 |
2 |
GGG-80 |
0.7080 |
800 |
500 |
2 |
EN 1563 1997 (European Standard)
Grade |
Tensile Strength |
Yield Strength |
Elongation |
|
Symbol |
Number |
|||
EN GJS 350-22 |
EN JS1010 |
350 |
220 |
22 |
EN GJS 350-22-LT* |
EN JS1015 |
350 |
220 |
22 |
EN GJS 400-18 |
EN JS1020 |
400 |
250 |
18 |
EN GJS 400-18-LT* |
EN JS1025 |
400 |
240 |
18 |
EN GJS 400-15 |
EN JS1030 |
400 |
250 |
15 |
EN GJS 450-10 |
EN JS1040 |
450 |
310 |
10 |
EN GJS 500-7 |
EN JS1050 |
500 |
320 |
7 |
EN GJS 600-3 |
EN JS1060 |
600 |
370 |
3 |
EN GJS 700-2 |
EN JS1070 |
700 |
420 |
2 |
EN GJS 800-2 |
EN JS1080 |
800 |
480 |
2 |
EN GJS 900-2 |
EN JS1090 |
900 |
600 |
2 |
* Low temperature V notch impact tested (-20±2℃) ISO 1083 1987 (International)
Grade |
Tensile strength σb≥/Mpa |
Yield strength σ0.2≥/Mpa |
Elongation δ≥(%) |
Hardness HBS |
900-2 |
900 |
600 |
2 |
280~360 |
800-2 |
800 |
480 |
2 |
245-335 |
700-2 |
700 |
420 |
2 |
225~305 |
600-3 |
600 |
370 |
3 |
190~270 |
500-7 |
500 |
320 |
7 |
170~230 |
450-10 |
450 |
320 |
10 |
160~210 |
400-15 |
400 |
250 |
15 |
130~180 |
400-18 |
400 |
250 |
18 |
130~180 |
350-22 |
350 |
220 |
22 |
≤150 |
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